Even now, more than 2.5 billion people, starting with Africa and Asia, live in arid regions, and there is an urgent need to secure sufficient water for industries that are the foundation of life, such as agriculture. There are “countries with lots of water” and “countries with almost no water,” and there are also regions where “periods when there is a lot of water” and “periods when there is little water” are uneven, and there are regions where it becomes scarce depending on location and season.
In addition to these global water imbalances, the fact that the number of people in need of water continues to increase is also a major cause of water shortages. In November 2023, the United Nations announced that the world population had reached 8 billion people. If the number of people increases even more in areas where water has somehow been sufficient until now, it will be difficult to live. There is also an estimate that 5 billion people in the world, or about 1 in 2 people, will run out of water by 2050 due to global warming, population growth, etc.